Human rabies situation in Morogoro and Iringa regions: past and current observations

Abstract

The situation of rabies and control strategies in Morogoro and Iringa is reported. Rabies is a fatal disease of all mammalian species, with a world-wide incidence. In Tanzania reports of the deaths caused by this disease are increasing both in humans and animals alike. The study utilizes old and new data from the veterinary and medical records to examine the perpetuating factors for human rabies and also assesses the impact of the present control measures. It has been observed that the rabies situation in the area under consideration is worsening. There were a total of 9,150 humans exposed to rabies suspect animals in Iringa and Morogoro regions between 1986 and 1999. Males and young people especially those with age ranging between 1 and 12 years were found to be at a higher risk of contracting rabies. There is a correlation between canine as well as wildlife rabies with human rabies. Participation of local communities in rabies control may be a key to success. They should be encouraged to report suspected cases, to participate in vaccination programmes and to improve the management of their dogs so as to reduce the number of strays. On its part the government has an important role to play through imposing quarantines and enforcing them. Furthermore, post-exposure treatment of humans should be free of charge for wider coverage.